The average reading scores for White, Black, Hispanic, and Asian/Pacific Islander students were higher in 2011 than in 1992, but were not significantly different from the scores in 2009.
Sample sizes were insufficient to permit reliable estimates for American Indian/Alaska Native students in 1992 and 1998.
Beginning in 2011, additional information on students’ race/ethnicity was collected from schools so that results could be reported separately for Asian students, Native Hawaiian/Other Pacific Islander students, and students categorized as being two or more races (multiracial). These categorizations are consistent with guidelines from the U.S. Office of Management and Budget. In order to allow comparisons of 2011 results for racial/ethnic groups to previous assessments, the Asian and Native Hawaiian/Other Pacific Islander students are combined into a single Asian/Pacific Islander category. Read more about this change.