Percentile scores for grade 8 reading, by National School Lunch Program eligibility, 3 categories and jurisdiction: 2009, 2007, 2005, 2003, and 2002
Year
Jurisdiction
Eligible
Not eligible
Information not available
10th percentile
Standard Error
25th percentile
Standard Error
50th percentile
Standard Error
75th percentile
Standard Error
90th percentile
Standard Error
10th percentile
Standard Error
25th percentile
Standard Error
50th percentile
Standard Error
75th percentile
Standard Error
90th percentile
Standard Error
10th percentile
Standard Error
25th percentile
Standard Error
50th percentile
Standard Error
75th percentile
Standard Error
90th percentile
Standard Error
— Not available.
† Not applicable.
‡ Reporting standards not met.
NOTE: DCPS = District of Columbia Public Schools. The NAEP Reading scale ranges from 0 to 500. Some apparent differences between estimates may not be
statistically significant
. Analyze
results
with NAEP Data Explorer.
SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, Institute of Education Sciences, National Center for Education Statistics, National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP), 2002, 2003, 2005, 2007, and 2009 Reading Assessments.
2009
National public
204
(0.6)
228
(0.5)
251
(0.4)
272
(0.5)
289
(0.4)
233
(0.6)
254
(0.4)
275
(0.3)
294
(0.3)
310
(0.4)
212
(3.0)
236
(4.8)
262
(3.4)
285
(3.1)
304
(4.1)
2009
Large city
199
(1.6)
223
(0.7)
247
(0.9)
268
(0.8)
286
(0.8)
225
(2.3)
248
(1.0)
270
(1.2)
291
(1.7)
309
(1.7)
207
(6.9)
237
(4.8)
262
(5.5)
283
(4.2)
303
(7.0)
2009
Atlanta
204
(1.9)
225
(3.1)
246
(2.7)
265
(3.0)
281
(2.6)
232
(4.8)
253
(4.9)
276
(2.6)
295
(3.1)
309
(3.9)
‡
(†)
‡
(†)
‡
(†)
‡
(†)
‡
(†)
2009
Austin
204
(1.7)
227
(3.2)
249
(2.3)
270
(2.7)
287
(2.0)
238
(3.3)
260
(3.3)
280
(3.5)
298
(2.9)
313
(3.8)
‡
(†)
‡
(†)
‡
(†)
‡
(†)
‡
(†)
2009
Baltimore City
205
(2.8)
224
(2.8)
243
(1.7)
261
(2.3)
277
(2.6)
218
(3.3)
238
(11.8)
259
(4.5)
277
(3.1)
293
(9.7)
‡
(†)
‡
(†)
‡
(†)
‡
(†)
‡
(†)
2009
Boston
215
(5.1)
232
(2.3)
252
(1.4)
272
(2.1)
289
(2.7)
228
(5.5)
249
(2.7)
274
(3.6)
299
(6.7)
316
(6.9)
‡
(†)
‡
(†)
‡
(†)
‡
(†)
‡
(†)
2009
Charlotte
203
(3.2)
227
(2.2)
251
(3.2)
272
(2.4)
289
(1.2)
228
(3.5)
250
(2.5)
272
(2.4)
292
(1.4)
309
(2.7)
‡
(†)
‡
(†)
‡
(†)
‡
(†)
‡
(†)
2009
Chicago
203
(2.6)
226
(1.8)
248
(1.5)
269
(1.6)
286
(2.5)
234
(3.5)
252
(3.4)
273
(2.8)
291
(2.9)
305
(4.8)
‡
(†)
‡
(†)
‡
(†)
‡
(†)
‡
(†)
2009
Cleveland
201
(4.0)
222
(3.4)
244
(2.2)
264
(2.0)
282
(3.0)
‡
(†)
‡
(†)
‡
(†)
‡
(†)
‡
(†)
‡
(†)
‡
(†)
‡
(†)
‡
(†)
‡
(†)
2009
Detroit
181
(3.2)
206
(2.7)
231
(2.2)
253
(3.7)
270
(2.5)
197
(4.2)
220
(4.9)
244
(6.2)
264
(3.2)
283
(4.9)
‡
(†)
‡
(†)
‡
(†)
‡
(†)
‡
(†)
2009
District of Columbia (DCPS)
186
(3.3)
209
(3.8)
233
(1.3)
257
(1.6)
277
(5.1)
209
(16.1)
238
(3.5)
266
(1.5)
291
(3.7)
314
(8.7)
‡
(†)
‡
(†)
‡
(†)
‡
(†)
‡
(†)
2009
Fresno
190
(3.4)
213
(3.3)
236
(4.0)
259
(3.2)
276
(3.6)
238
(5.7)
256
(3.8)
276
(4.8)
293
(7.0)
309
(8.7)
‡
(†)
‡
(†)
‡
(†)
‡
(†)
‡
(†)
2009
Houston
204
(2.5)
228
(2.5)
250
(1.4)
268
(1.1)
284
(1.2)
230
(2.6)
252
(4.4)
274
(3.3)
292
(4.2)
310
(5.6)
‡
(†)
‡
(†)
‡
(†)
‡
(†)
‡
(†)
2009
Jefferson County (KY)
207
(2.4)
227
(2.4)
250
(2.6)
271
(2.0)
287
(2.5)
229
(6.1)
251
(4.0)
273
(2.0)
292
(2.8)
310
(3.8)
‡
(†)
‡
(†)
‡
(†)
‡
(†)
‡
(†)
2009
Los Angeles
191
(3.0)
217
(1.1)
243
(1.5)
265
(1.4)
283
(2.0)
210
(11.8)
240
(8.0)
265
(2.9)
289
(3.9)
306
(5.8)
220
(4.4)
242
(4.3)
265
(5.1)
283
(2.5)
300
(8.4)
2009
Miami-Dade
209
(3.0)
234
(2.7)
257
(1.9)
277
(1.8)
294
(4.6)
231
(4.5)
252
(3.2)
274
(4.7)
292
(1.2)
310
(3.0)
‡
(†)
‡
(†)
‡
(†)
‡
(†)
‡
(†)
2009
Milwaukee
194
(3.0)
216
(2.5)
240
(1.6)
261
(1.8)
278
(2.1)
206
(12.6)
233
(11.1)
259
(5.8)
279
(4.8)
297
(5.0)
‡
(†)
‡
(†)
‡
(†)
‡
(†)
‡
(†)
2009
New York City
205
(3.5)
227
(2.2)
251
(2.4)
273
(2.4)
293
(2.5)
219
(7.8)
245
(3.1)
269
(2.5)
290
(2.9)
308
(3.7)
‡
(†)
‡
(†)
‡
(†)
‡
(†)
‡
(†)
2009
Philadelphia
202
(2.6)
222
(1.6)
244
(2.5)
264
(2.5)
283
(4.5)
226
(4.9)
246
(7.0)
267
(6.9)
292
(11.0)
313
(9.7)
‡
(†)
‡
(†)
‡
(†)
‡
(†)
‡
(†)
2009
San Diego
195
(4.4)
219
(2.8)
246
(1.7)
268
(3.3)
286
(6.3)
225
(8.8)
250
(4.4)
272
(4.5)
292
(3.8)
310
(5.7)
‡
(†)
‡
(†)
‡
(†)
‡
(†)
‡
(†)
2007
National public
203
(0.7)
227
(0.4)
250
(0.4)
270
(0.3)
288
(0.4)
230
(0.6)
252
(0.3)
273
(0.3)
292
(0.3)
309
(0.3)
203
(12.1)
232
(3.9)
259
(2.9)
283
(4.0)
302
(2.6)
2007
Large city
196
(1.2)
221
(1.0)
245
(0.7)
266
(0.6)
284
(0.8)
220
(1.5)
244
(0.9)
267
(0.8)
289
(1.0)
307
(1.2)
202
(7.1)
229
(6.0)
255
(2.4)
280
(4.0)
301
(2.3)
2007
Atlanta
198
(2.4)
220
(3.7)
241
(2.5)
261
(1.5)
277
(2.3)
218
(7.0)
238
(3.6)
264
(3.4)
289
(3.3)
307
(5.0)
‡
(†)
‡
(†)
‡
(†)
‡
(†)
‡
(†)
2007
Austin
193
(2.5)
217
(2.7)
243
(2.6)
265
(2.4)
282
(1.8)
235
(4.5)
258
(2.7)
282
(2.9)
300
(3.4)
315
(2.3)
‡
(†)
‡
(†)
‡
(†)
‡
(†)
‡
(†)
2007
Baltimore City
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
2007
Boston
205
(5.9)
228
(3.9)
251
(2.3)
272
(1.5)
290
(3.0)
216
(8.4)
241
(3.5)
269
(1.7)
296
(3.9)
318
(3.9)
‡
(†)
‡
(†)
‡
(†)
‡
(†)
‡
(†)
2007
Charlotte
198
(3.7)
222
(3.8)
247
(1.8)
269
(2.4)
287
(3.2)
229
(3.1)
253
(3.0)
275
(0.8)
295
(2.8)
312
(2.0)
‡
(†)
‡
(†)
‡
(†)
‡
(†)
‡
(†)
2007
Chicago
203
(2.0)
226
(1.7)
250
(1.4)
270
(1.3)
287
(3.0)
226
(6.2)
246
(4.2)
268
(5.0)
289
(3.1)
306
(5.0)
‡
(†)
‡
(†)
‡
(†)
‡
(†)
‡
(†)
2007
Cleveland
207
(1.9)
227
(1.7)
248
(1.3)
267
(1.8)
283
(2.6)
‡
(†)
‡
(†)
‡
(†)
‡
(†)
‡
(†)
‡
(†)
‡
(†)
‡
(†)
‡
(†)
‡
(†)
2007
Detroit
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
2007
District of Columbia (DCPS)
192
(2.6)
212
(2.1)
236
(1.1)
257
(1.5)
275
(2.2)
206
(4.3)
228
(2.2)
252
(2.8)
278
(2.4)
299
(2.4)
‡
(†)
‡
(†)
‡
(†)
‡
(†)
‡
(†)
2007
Fresno
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
2007
Houston
206
(3.9)
228
(1.5)
249
(1.3)
268
(1.8)
284
(1.0)
225
(4.4)
249
(4.6)
270
(3.0)
293
(7.2)
310
(5.0)
‡
(†)
‡
(†)
‡
(†)
‡
(†)
‡
(†)
2007
Jefferson County (KY)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
2007
Los Angeles
190
(1.5)
215
(2.2)
240
(1.4)
262
(1.9)
280
(1.6)
207
(15.3)
227
(11.4)
250
(4.2)
275
(4.3)
297
(8.3)
201
(4.5)
225
(5.0)
252
(3.5)
276
(10.6)
301
(4.5)
2007
Miami-Dade
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
2007
Milwaukee
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
2007
New York City
199
(2.9)
223
(2.5)
248
(2.1)
271
(1.5)
291
(1.5)
227
(6.7)
251
(3.1)
274
(6.4)
296
(6.6)
315
(5.7)
‡
(†)
‡
(†)
‡
(†)
‡
(†)
‡
(†)
2007
Philadelphia
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
2007
San Diego
186
(6.4)
213
(3.0)
239
(3.5)
263
(1.9)
283
(3.4)
222
(4.3)
248
(4.1)
271
(2.6)
292
(3.7)
308
(4.8)
‡
(†)
‡
(†)
‡
(†)
‡
(†)
‡
(†)
2005
National public
201
(0.5)
225
(0.3)
249
(0.3)
270
(0.3)
288
(0.5)
227
(0.4)
250
(0.3)
272
(0.2)
292
(0.2)
309
(0.2)
209
(4.7)
235
(1.9)
261
(2.4)
285
(1.8)
304
(2.4)
2005
Large city
197
(0.9)
221
(0.8)
245
(0.8)
267
(0.8)
285
(1.0)
217
(1.5)
242
(1.4)
267
(1.1)
289
(1.0)
308
(1.1)
200
(3.1)
227
(2.8)
251
(3.7)
271
(3.2)
289
(4.2)
2005
Atlanta
191
(5.6)
213
(2.5)
235
(1.2)
257
(2.1)
276
(2.1)
213
(9.9)
235
(5.1)
262
(7.2)
287
(8.7)
305
(6.9)
‡
(†)
‡
(†)
‡
(†)
‡
(†)
‡
(†)
2005
Austin
194
(8.3)
217
(4.7)
242
(2.7)
265
(3.2)
284
(11.2)
227
(4.5)
251
(3.1)
275
(2.3)
297
(3.4)
314
(3.6)
‡
(†)
‡
(†)
‡
(†)
‡
(†)
‡
(†)
2005
Baltimore City
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
2005
Boston
203
(1.7)
225
(0.9)
248
(1.3)
271
(1.8)
292
(3.0)
226
(9.3)
253
(4.5)
278
(4.3)
298
(2.4)
315
(2.4)
‡
(†)
‡
(†)
‡
(†)
‡
(†)
‡
(†)
2005
Charlotte
196
(3.0)
220
(1.8)
245
(3.0)
266
(2.5)
284
(3.3)
230
(5.8)
254
(3.0)
276
(1.9)
296
(1.9)
314
(3.4)
‡
(†)
‡
(†)
‡
(†)
‡
(†)
‡
(†)
2005
Chicago
201
(1.9)
226
(1.5)
249
(3.0)
270
(1.5)
286
(2.0)
216
(4.9)
241
(3.8)
267
(3.3)
289
(4.2)
308
(4.2)
‡
(†)
‡
(†)
‡
(†)
‡
(†)
‡
(†)
2005
Cleveland
195
(3.8)
219
(5.2)
242
(2.5)
263
(1.8)
282
(3.2)
‡
(†)
‡
(†)
‡
(†)
‡
(†)
‡
(†)
‡
(†)
‡
(†)
‡
(†)
‡
(†)
‡
(†)
2005
Detroit
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
2005
District of Columbia (DCPS)
189
(3.2)
212
(1.7)
236
(1.0)
257
(1.7)
278
(2.4)
200
(3.2)
224
(2.5)
249
(1.6)
274
(4.7)
298
(3.0)
‡
(†)
‡
(†)
‡
(†)
‡
(†)
‡
(†)
2005
Fresno
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
2005
Houston
197
(6.0)
222
(4.0)
246
(1.0)
266
(1.0)
283
(1.0)
216
(4.3)
240
(6.1)
263
(3.7)
286
(2.1)
304
(6.8)
‡
(†)
‡
(†)
‡
(†)
‡
(†)
‡
(†)
2005
Jefferson County (KY)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
2005
Los Angeles
190
(3.5)
212
(1.1)
237
(2.4)
261
(1.5)
280
(2.4)
205
(4.7)
230
(2.8)
255
(2.4)
279
(3.9)
300
(3.4)
‡
(†)
‡
(†)
‡
(†)
‡
(†)
‡
(†)
2005
Miami-Dade
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
2005
Milwaukee
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
2005
New York City
204
(1.7)
227
(2.1)
251
(2.4)
273
(1.5)
293
(3.1)
221
(4.1)
245
(10.3)
270
(1.8)
290
(6.3)
309
(5.3)
201
(6.9)
220
(7.2)
245
(13.5)
266
(7.4)
283
(6.4)
2005
Philadelphia
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
2005
San Diego
196
(3.3)
220
(2.1)
245
(1.7)
268
(2.1)
287
(2.6)
218
(2.9)
243
(3.0)
267
(3.6)
290
(2.4)
310
(4.7)
‡
(†)
‡
(†)
‡
(†)
‡
(†)
‡
(†)
2003
National public
200
(0.9)
224
(0.5)
248
(0.4)
270
(0.5)
288
(0.5)
229
(0.5)
251
(0.4)
273
(0.3)
293
(0.3)
309
(0.3)
216
(2.5)
240
(1.6)
265
(1.4)
287
(0.9)
305
(1.8)
2003
Large city
196
(1.2)
219
(1.2)
243
(1.0)
265
(0.6)
283
(1.1)
219
(1.8)
242
(2.1)
265
(2.3)
287
(1.2)
305
(1.0)
192
(10.1)
222
(5.5)
250
(4.4)
276
(3.8)
296
(3.9)
2003
Atlanta
195
(2.4)
215
(1.9)
236
(1.6)
257
(0.8)
275
(1.5)
206
(7.3)
235
(9.8)
261
(8.0)
282
(4.6)
298
(3.4)
197
(8.9)
224
(14.0)
256
(4.8)
281
(6.4)
299
(6.9)
2003
Austin
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
2003
Baltimore City
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
2003
Boston
202
(3.4)
225
(2.6)
248
(2.1)
271
(1.6)
290
(2.4)
220
(8.8)
242
(2.1)
267
(3.9)
288
(2.4)
305
(5.3)
214
(1.8)
239
(4.7)
267
(3.1)
295
(5.6)
314
(4.3)
2003
Charlotte
202
(3.0)
223
(4.2)
244
(3.4)
267
(3.0)
285
(2.6)
231
(4.7)
253
(1.8)
274
(2.2)
294
(2.9)
311
(3.0)
‡
(†)
‡
(†)
‡
(†)
‡
(†)
‡
(†)
2003
Chicago
206
(1.4)
226
(1.3)
248
(1.6)
268
(1.5)
285
(2.2)
225
(4.7)
247
(7.7)
269
(5.7)
286
(6.0)
303
(4.9)
218
(16.1)
240
(6.0)
259
(4.8)
281
(7.7)
302
(8.1)
2003
Cleveland
198
(1.9)
219
(2.3)
242
(2.1)
263
(1.4)
280
(2.5)
‡
(†)
‡
(†)
‡
(†)
‡
(†)
‡
(†)
‡
(†)
‡
(†)
‡
(†)
‡
(†)
‡
(†)
2003
Detroit
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
2003
District of Columbia (DCPS)
187
(2.8)
210
(3.4)
234
(1.6)
256
(1.2)
273
(1.7)
202
(4.3)
224
(3.9)
247
(1.4)
270
(2.5)
294
(2.5)
205
(4.2)
229
(3.5)
253
(2.5)
271
(3.1)
286
(8.2)
2003
Fresno
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
2003
Houston
201
(2.3)
220
(2.9)
242
(1.6)
263
(1.3)
281
(3.1)
213
(3.1)
235
(3.5)
257
(1.8)
278
(3.4)
298
(1.9)
‡
(†)
‡
(†)
‡
(†)
‡
(†)
‡
(†)
2003
Jefferson County (KY)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
2003
Los Angeles
180
(2.0)
206
(2.1)
232
(1.8)
256
(1.9)
276
(5.3)
195
(11.7)
220
(9.3)
251
(3.9)
274
(4.7)
296
(5.4)
188
(5.5)
219
(5.3)
247
(3.1)
272
(2.1)
290
(7.8)
2003
Miami-Dade
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
2003
Milwaukee
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
2003
New York City
201
(2.8)
226
(2.8)
250
(1.6)
272
(1.9)
291
(2.4)
235
(7.9)
260
(4.2)
280
(3.9)
300
(3.4)
317
(5.2)
210
(32.7)
236
(9.5)
265
(7.6)
293
(7.1)
311
(11.8)
2003
Philadelphia
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
2003
San Diego
195
(3.1)
217
(1.3)
242
(2.5)
264
(4.5)
283
(3.1)
213
(5.3)
242
(4.0)
265
(2.8)
285
(3.2)
306
(4.5)
207
(12.1)
230
(7.2)
251
(14.0)
276
(5.0)
296
(7.5)
2002
National public
205
(1.0)
228
(0.9)
251
(0.6)
272
(0.5)
290
(0.6)
232
(0.6)
253
(0.5)
273
(0.4)
292
(0.7)
308
(0.6)
219
(2.9)
243
(2.9)
267
(2.2)
287
(2.5)
305
(6.3)
2002
Large city
199
(3.0)
221
(1.6)
244
(1.6)
265
(1.6)
283
(1.7)
225
(2.6)
247
(1.0)
270
(1.5)
291
(1.7)
308
(2.7)
205
(12.1)
229
(4.0)
255
(2.7)
275
(5.1)
294
(6.3)
2002
Atlanta
192
(4.3)
211
(3.5)
233
(1.6)
255
(1.5)
273
(2.2)
201
(4.3)
223
(8.0)
246
(2.3)
265
(2.5)
284
(4.0)
‡
(†)
‡
(†)
‡
(†)
‡
(†)
‡
(†)
2002
Austin
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
2002
Baltimore City
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
2002
Boston
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
2002
Charlotte
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
2002
Chicago
205
(3.8)
229
(1.4)
249
(2.0)
267
(1.4)
282
(3.4)
226
(6.6)
244
(6.3)
269
(10.8)
293
(9.1)
309
(11.7)
226
(12.9)
246
(9.5)
266
(9.4)
291
(10.4)
314
(11.0)
2002
Cleveland
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
2002
Detroit
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
2002
District of Columbia (DCPS)
192
(6.0)
214
(2.1)
237
(2.5)
257
(1.8)
274
(2.1)
209
(4.1)
230
(5.1)
252
(0.8)
274
(3.2)
292
(1.9)
‡
(†)
‡
(†)
‡
(†)
‡
(†)
‡
(†)
2002
Fresno
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
2002
Houston
195
(5.8)
221
(3.3)
245
(3.3)
268
(3.1)
286
(3.6)
218
(9.5)
242
(5.5)
265
(3.1)
282
(2.9)
300
(4.8)
‡
(†)
‡
(†)
‡
(†)
‡
(†)
‡
(†)
2002
Jefferson County (KY)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
2002
Los Angeles
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
2002
Miami-Dade
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
2002
Milwaukee
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
2002
New York City
‡
(†)
‡
(†)
‡
(†)
‡
(†)
‡
(†)
‡
(†)
‡
(†)
‡
(†)
‡
(†)
‡
(†)
‡
(†)
‡
(†)
‡
(†)
‡
(†)
‡
(†)
2002
Philadelphia
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
2002
San Diego
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)
—
(†)