About the Assessment: Inclusion Rates

NAEP endeavors to include as many sampled students as possible in the assessment, including students with disabilities (SD) and English language learners (ELL), and has established specific inclusion goals: 95 percent of all sampled students and 85 percent of sampled students identified as SD or ELL. Students are selected to participate in NAEP based on a sampling procedure designed to yield a sample of students that is representative of students in all schools nationwide and in public schools within each state and TUDA district. Inclusion rates were computed for each state/jurisdiction participating in the 2011 assessment and compared to NAEP inclusion goals. Three inclusion percentages were computed for each state/jurisdiction. An overall inclusion percentage represents included students as a percentage of all students sampled within the state/jurisdiction. In addition, separate percentages were computed to signify included students as a percentage of the state/jurisdiction sample that was identified as SD or ELL. Each inclusion rate is calculated as the percentage of sampled students who were included in the assessment (i.e., were not excluded).

Inclusion percentages are sample estimates that are associated with a measure of uncertainty or margin of error. Confidence intervals quantify this uncertainty due to sampling, resulting in interval estimates of the inclusion percentages. Therefore, methods appropriate for constructing confidence intervals for percentages were used to determine upper and lower confidence bounds around the inclusion point estimates.

When determining whether each state/jurisdiction met the NAEP inclusion goals, the confidence intervals were used, rather than just the point estimates. In other words, if the inclusion goal, whether 95 percent or 85 percent, fell within the corresponding confidence interval, the state/jurisdiction was considered as having met the goal. Therefore, states/jurisdictions for which the upper bound of the confidence interval was less than 95 percent did not meet the overall inclusion goal.

Read more about the NAEP inclusion policy, including exclusion rates from current and previous assessments in all subject areas.

National and State

District

Percentage of all students

Percentage of identified students

Inclusion rate and confidence interval in NAEP mathematics for fourth- and eighth-grade public and nonpublic school students, as a percentage of all students, by state/jurisdiction: 2011
State/Jurisdiction	Inclusion rate		Lower	Upper	Inclusion rate		Lower	Upper
	Grade 4				Grade 8
			95% confidence interval				95% confidence interval
Nation	98	¹	97.8	98.1	98	¹	97.4	97.7
Nation (public)	98	¹	97.6	97.9	97	¹	97.2	97.5
Alabama	99	¹	98.0	99.3	99	¹	98.1	99.2
Alaska	97	¹	96.4	97.8	97	¹	96.2	97.4
Arizona	99	¹	98.5	99.3	99	¹	98.3	99.2
Arkansas	99	¹	98.4	99.4	99	¹	98.2	99.0
California	98	¹	97.7	99.0	99	¹	98.6	99.2
Colorado	99	¹	98.3	99.2	99	¹	98.7	99.5
Connecticut	99	¹	98.1	99.1	99	¹	98.2	99.0
Delaware	96	¹	95.8	96.9	97	¹	96.2	97.5
Florida	98	¹	97.9	98.8	98	¹	97.6	98.6
Georgia	98	¹	97.7	98.8	97	¹	96.0	98.2
Hawaii	98	¹	97.7	98.7	98	¹	97.5	98.6
Idaho	99	¹	98.3	99.1	99	¹	98.3	99.1
Illinois	98	¹	96.8	98.4	98	¹	96.9	98.2
Indiana	98	¹	97.1	98.4	97	¹	96.5	98.1
Iowa	99	¹	97.8	99.1	99	¹	97.8	99.0
Kansas	98	¹	97.8	98.7	99	¹	98.1	99.1
Kentucky	97	¹	96.1	97.6	97	¹	96.1	97.2
Louisiana	98	¹	97.3	98.9	99	¹	98.0	99.0
Maine	98	¹	97.8	98.9	98	¹	98.0	98.8
Maryland	94	¹	93.5	95.2	94		92.7	94.5
Massachusetts	97	¹	95.9	97.6	96	¹	95.0	96.8
Michigan	98	¹	97.1	98.4	96	¹	95.6	97.0
Minnesota	99	¹	98.0	98.9	98	¹	97.1	98.5
Mississippi	99	¹	98.7	99.5	99	¹	98.4	99.3
Missouri	98	¹	97.8	98.8	99	¹	98.0	99.1
Montana	98	¹	98.0	98.9	98	¹	97.9	98.8
Nebraska	98	¹	97.8	99.0	96	¹	95.6	97.1
Nevada	98	¹	97.1	98.2	97	¹	96.4	97.4
New Hampshire	98	¹	97.7	98.7	98	¹	97.7	98.6
New Jersey	97	¹	95.3	97.7	96	¹	94.7	96.7
New Mexico	97	¹	96.7	97.9	98	¹	97.5	98.5
New York	99	¹	98.1	99.1	99	¹	98.1	99.0
North Carolina	98	¹	97.6	98.7	98	¹	97.6	98.6
North Dakota	96	¹	95.7	97.0	96	¹	94.9	96.4
Ohio	98	¹	96.9	98.3	95	¹	93.8	96.0
Oklahoma	92		90.2	93.0	90		88.8	91.4
Oregon	97	¹	96.5	98.0	99	¹	98.0	99.0
Pennsylvania	99	¹	98.0	99.1	98	¹	96.8	98.2
Rhode Island	99	¹	98.7	99.3	99	¹	98.3	99.1
South Carolina	99	¹	98.1	99.2	96	¹	95.4	96.9
South Dakota	98	¹	97.7	98.6	98	¹	97.8	98.6
Tennessee	97	¹	95.6	97.4	96	¹	95.2	97.1
Texas	96	¹	94.9	96.6	95	¹	93.9	95.6
Utah	98	¹	97.1	98.6	97	¹	96.7	97.8
Vermont	98	¹	97.9	98.8	99	¹	98.3	99.2
Virginia	98	¹	97.3	98.4	97	¹	96.2	97.8
Washington	98	¹	97.3	98.7	98	¹	97.7	98.8
West Virginia	98	¹	97.9	98.9	98	¹	98.0	98.9
Wisconsin	98	¹	97.6	98.9	98	¹	97.3	98.5
Wyoming	98	¹	97.9	98.8	99	¹	98.2	99.1
Other jurisdictions
District of Columbia	95	¹	93.9	95.5	96	¹	94.9	96.3
DoDEA²	97	¹	96.7	97.7	97	¹	96.5	97.9
¹ The state/jurisdiction's inclusion rate is higher than or not significantly different from the National Assessment Governing Board's goal of 95 percent. ² Department of Defense Education Activity (overseas and domestic schools). NOTE: The national results include both public and nonpublic school students. The national (public) and state/jurisdiction results include public school students only. Students identified as both SD and ELL were counted only once. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, Institute of Education Sciences, National Center for Education Statistics, National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP), 2011 Mathematics Assessment.

State/jurisdiction	Identified	Excluded	Assessed	Assessed without accommodations	Assessed with accommodations
	Percentage of all students
Nation	17	3	14	5	9
Nation (public)	18	3	15	5	10
Alabama	11	2	10	7	3
Alaska	21	3	18	5	13
Arizona	16	2	14	5	9
Arkansas	16	1	15	3	11
California	25	2	24	18	6
Colorado	17	2	15	5	10
Connecticut	16	2	14	3	11
Delaware	17	3	14	1	13
Florida	19	2	17	1	16
Georgia	13	3	10	2	9
Hawaii	18	2	16	6	10
Idaho	12	1	11	5	6
Illinois	16	3	13	3	11
Indiana	16	4	12	3	9
Iowa	16	3	14	2	11
Kansas	17	3	14	4	9
Kentucky	13	5	8	2	7
Louisiana	16	2	14	2	12
Maine	19	2	16	4	13
Maryland	14	7	7	1	6
Massachusetts	21	6	15	4	11
Michigan	15	3	12	3	8
Minnesota	17	3	15	6	9
Mississippi	10	2	8	2	7
Missouri	14	3	10	3	8
Montana	14	3	11	3	8
Nebraska	17	3	13	4	9
Nevada	17	2	15	6	9
New Hampshire	21	3	18	6	13
New Jersey	18	2	16	2	14
New Mexico	21	3	18	7	11
New York	20	3	17	1	16
North Carolina	17	2	15	3	13
North Dakota	16	5	11	4	7
Ohio	15	5	10	1	9
Oklahoma	18	6	11	4	8
Oregon	18	3	16	7	8
Pennsylvania	19	3	16	3	13
Rhode Island	21	2	18	4	14
South Carolina	16	4	12	5	7
South Dakota	12	2	10	3	7
Tennessee	12	4	8	1	7
Texas	17	5	13	6	6
Utah	14	3	11	4	7
Vermont	21	2	19	5	13
Virginia	17	4	13	4	9
Washington	14	2	12	4	8
West Virginia	15	2	14	4	10
Wisconsin	18	3	15	3	12
Wyoming	15	2	13	3	10
Other jurisdictions
District of Columbia	20	6	14	2	12
DoDEA¹	13	2	11	4	7
¹ Department of Defense Education Activity (overseas and domestic schools). NOTE: SD includes those identified under section 504. The national results include both public and nonpublic school students. The national (public) and state/jurisdiction results include public school students only. Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. Students identified as both SD and ELL were counted only once under the combined SD and/or ELL category, but were counted separately under the SD and ELL categories. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, Institute of Education Sciences, National Center for Education Statistics, National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP), 2009 Mathematics Assessment.

State/jurisdiction	Excluded	Assessed	Assessed without accommodations	Assessed with accommodations
	Percentage of identified SD and/or ELL students
Nation	17	83	29	54
Nation (public)	17	83	29	54
Alabama	13	87	60	26
Alaska	16	84	25	59
Arizona	12	88	29	59
Arkansas	7	93	21	72
California	6	94	69	25
Colorado	11	89	27	61
Connecticut	13	87	18	69
Delaware	15	85	7	78
Florida	12	88	6	82
Georgia	20	80	11	69
Hawaii	12	88	32	56
Idaho	11	89	37	51
Illinois	19	81	16	65
Indiana	27	73	17	56
Iowa	16	84	15	69
Kansas	17	83	26	57
Kentucky	36	64	13	51
Louisiana	10	90	13	76
Maine	12	88	20	69
Maryland	48	52	8	44
Massachusetts	27	73	18	55
Michigan	21	79	21	58
Minnesota	15	85	34	52
Mississippi	17	83	16	67
Missouri	26	74	19	56
Montana	19	81	21	60
Nebraska	20	80	25	55
Nevada	14	86	35	50
New Hampshire	14	86	27	59
New Jersey	11	89	9	80
New Mexico	14	86	33	53
New York	14	86	5	81
North Carolina	10	90	16	74
North Dakota	33	67	26	42
Ohio	33	67	9	58
Oklahoma	35	65	21	44
Oregon	15	85	41	44
Pennsylvania	17	83	14	69
Rhode Island	11	89	19	70
South Carolina	27	73	33	41
South Dakota	16	84	28	56
Tennessee	34	66	10	57
Texas	28	72	37	35
Utah	21	79	30	50
Vermont	11	89	26	63
Virginia	21	79	27	52
Washington	17	83	26	57
West Virginia	10	90	26	64
Wisconsin	15	85	16	70
Wyoming	12	88	19	69
Other jurisdictions
District of Columbia	31	69	12	57
DoDEA¹	13	87	35	52
¹ Department of Defense Education Activity (overseas and domestic schools). NOTE: SD includes those identified under section 504. The national results include both public and nonpublic school students. The national (public) and state/jurisdiction results include public school students only. Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. Students identified as both SD and ELL were counted only once under the combined SD and/or ELL category, but were counted separately under the SD and ELL categories. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, Institute of Education Sciences, National Center for Education Statistics, National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP), 2009 Mathematics Assessment.

State/jurisdiction	Identified	Excluded	Assessed	Assessed without accommodations	Assessed with accommodations
	Percentage of all students
Nation	12	3	9	2	8
Nation (public)	13	3	10	2	8
Alabama	10	1	9	6	3
Alaska	13	3	10	1	9
Arizona	12	2	10	2	7
Arkansas	12	1	11	2	9
California	9	1	8	2	5
Colorado	11	2	9	1	7
Connecticut	13	2	11	2	9
Delaware	15	2	13	1	12
Florida	15	2	13	1	12
Georgia	11	3	9	1	8
Hawaii	12	1	11	3	8
Idaho	9	1	8	3	5
Illinois	14	3	11	2	9
Indiana	14	4	10	2	8
Iowa	14	2	12	2	10
Kansas	12	3	9	1	8
Kentucky	12	4	7	1	6
Louisiana	15	2	13	2	12
Maine	17	2	15	3	12
Maryland	12	7	5	1	4
Massachusetts	19	5	13	3	10
Michigan	13	3	10	2	8
Minnesota	12	2	10	3	7
Mississippi	9	2	8	1	6
Missouri	13	3	10	2	7
Montana	12	3	9	2	8
Nebraska	14	3	11	3	8
Nevada	11	2	8	2	6
New Hampshire	20	3	17	5	12
New Jersey	16	2	14	1	13
New Mexico	13	3	10	3	8
New York	16	2	14	1	13
North Carolina	12	1	11	1	10
North Dakota	15	5	10	4	6
Ohio	15	5	10	1	9
Oklahoma	15	6	9	2	7
Oregon	13	3	10	4	6
Pennsylvania	17	3	14	2	12
Rhode Island	18	2	16	3	13
South Carolina	14	4	9	4	5
South Dakota	10	2	9	2	6
Tennessee	11	4	7	1	6
Texas	12	5	7	2	5
Utah	10	3	7	2	6
Vermont	20	2	18	5	13
Virginia	14	3	10	3	7
Washington	11	2	9	2	7
West Virginia	15	2	13	4	10
Wisconsin	14	2	12	2	10
Wyoming	14	2	12	2	10
Other jurisdictions
District of Columbia	17	6	11	1	10
DoDEA¹	8	1	7	2	5
# Rounds to zero. ¹ Department of Defense Education Activity (overseas and domestic schools). NOTE: SD includes those identified under section 504. In NAEP, students who have an IEP or a 504 plan are classified as SD. The national results include both public and nonpublic school students. The national (public) and state/jurisdiction results include public school students only. Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, Institute of Education Sciences, National Center for Education Statistics, National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP), 2009 Mathematics Assessment.

State/jurisdiction	Identified	Excluded	Assessed	Assessed without accommodations	Assessed with accommodations
	Percentage of all students
Nation	11	3	9	2	7
Nation (public)	12	3	9	2	8
Alabama	10	1	9	6	3
Alaska	13	3	10	1	9
Arizona	11	2	10	2	7
Arkansas	12	1	11	2	9
California	9	1	7	2	5
Colorado	10	2	8	1	7
Connecticut	11	2	10	2	8
Delaware	13	2	11	1	11
Florida	13	2	11	1	10
Georgia	11	3	8	1	7
Hawaii	11	1	10	2	8
Idaho	8	1	7	2	5
Illinois	13	3	10	1	9
Indiana	14	4	9	2	8
Iowa	14	2	12	1	10
Kansas	12	3	9	1	8
Kentucky	11	4	7	1	6
Louisiana	13	2	11	1	10
Maine	16	2	14	2	11
Maryland	10	7	4	1	3
Massachusetts	17	5	12	2	10
Michigan	13	3	10	2	8
Minnesota	12	2	10	3	7
Mississippi	9	2	7	1	6
Missouri	12	3	9	2	7
Montana	12	3	9	2	8
Nebraska	14	3	11	2	8
Nevada	10	2	8	2	6
New Hampshire	17	3	14	3	11
New Jersey	14	2	12	1	11
New Mexico	13	3	10	3	8
New York	14	2	12	#	11
North Carolina	11	1	10	1	9
North Dakota	13	5	8	2	6
Ohio	14	5	9	1	8
Oklahoma	15	6	9	2	7
Oregon	13	2	10	4	6
Pennsylvania	16	3	13	1	12
Rhode Island	17	2	15	3	12
South Carolina	12	4	8	3	5
South Dakota	10	2	9	2	6
Tennessee	11	4	7	1	6
Texas	11	5	6	2	5
Utah	10	3	7	1	6
Vermont	15	2	13	2	11
Virginia	13	3	9	3	7
Washington	10	2	8	2	6
West Virginia	14	2	12	3	9
Wisconsin	14	2	12	2	10
Wyoming	13	2	11	2	9
Other jurisdictions
District of Columbia	16	6	11	1	10
DoDEA¹	8	1	7	2	5
# Rounds to zero. ¹ Department of Defense Education Activity (overseas and domestic schools). NOTE: In NAEP, students who have an IEP or a 504 plan are classified as SD. The national results include both public and nonpublic school students. The national (public) and state/jurisdiction results include public school students only. Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, Institute of Education Sciences, National Center for Education Statistics, National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP), 2009 Mathematics Assessment.

State/jurisdiction	Excluded	Assessed	Assessed without accommodations	Assessed with accommodations
	Percentage of identified SD students
Nation	22	78	15	63
Nation (public)	22	78	15	63
Alabama	13	87	59	28
Alaska	25	75	8	67
Arizona	16	84	21	63
Arkansas	9	91	17	74
California	15	85	25	59
Colorado	16	84	14	70
Connecticut	14	86	16	69
Delaware	15	85	6	79
Florida	13	87	6	81
Georgia	23	77	10	67
Hawaii	11	89	24	65
Idaho	15	85	28	57
Illinois	20	80	13	68
Indiana	31	69	12	57
Iowa	16	84	11	73
Kansas	24	76	10	66
Kentucky	37	63	12	51
Louisiana	11	89	11	78
Maine	12	88	17	71
Maryland	56	44	8	36
Massachusetts	28	72	15	56
Michigan	24	76	15	62
Minnesota	17	83	23	60
Mississippi	17	83	13	70
Missouri	26	74	18	56
Montana	22	78	15	64
Nebraska	23	77	19	58
Nevada	22	78	21	57
New Hampshire	14	86	26	61
New Jersey	11	89	10	79
New Mexico	22	78	20	58
New York	14	86	4	82
North Carolina	12	88	9	80
North Dakota	34	66	24	42
Ohio	33	67	8	58
Oklahoma	41	59	12	47
Oregon	20	80	31	50
Pennsylvania	19	81	10	71
Rhode Island	10	90	18	72
South Carolina	32	68	29	39
South Dakota	17	83	23	60
Tennessee	36	64	9	55
Texas	39	61	18	43
Utah	27	73	15	58
Vermont	11	89	24	64
Virginia	24	76	23	53
Washington	19	81	20	60
West Virginia	10	90	25	65
Wisconsin	16	84	12	72
Wyoming	13	87	17	70
Other jurisdictions
District of Columbia	34	66	7	59
DoDEA¹	13	87	27	60
# Rounds to zero. ¹ Department of Defense Education Activity (overseas and domestic schools). NOTE: SD includes those identified under section 504. In NAEP, students who have an IEP or a 504 plan are classified as SD. The national results include both public and nonpublic school students. The national (public) and state/jurisdiction results include public school students only. Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, Institute of Education Sciences, National Center for Education Statistics, National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP), 2009 Mathematics Assessment.

State/jurisdiction	Excluded	Assessed	Assessed without accommodations	Assessed with accommodations
	Percentage of identified IEP students
Nation	23	77	14	63
Nation (public)	23	77	14	63
Alabama	13	87	59	28
Alaska	25	75	8	67
Arizona	16	84	20	64
Arkansas	9	91	15	75
California	16	84	25	59
Colorado	17	83	12	71
Connecticut	16	84	15	68
Delaware	17	83	5	78
Florida	14	86	5	81
Georgia	24	76	10	66
Hawaii	12	88	18	70
Idaho	18	82	21	61
Illinois	21	79	10	69
Indiana	31	69	11	58
Iowa	17	83	10	73
Kansas	24	76	10	66
Kentucky	38	62	12	50
Louisiana	13	87	10	77
Maine	13	87	14	73
Maryland	63	37	6	31
Massachusetts	31	69	11	58
Michigan	24	76	14	62
Minnesota	17	83	22	61
Mississippi	18	82	12	70
Missouri	27	73	16	57
Montana	22	78	13	64
Nebraska	23	77	18	59
Nevada	23	77	19	59
New Hampshire	16	84	17	66
New Jersey	12	88	7	81
New Mexico	22	78	20	58
New York	16	84	3	81
North Carolina	13	87	7	80
North Dakota	39	61	16	45
Ohio	35	65	6	59
Oklahoma	41	59	12	47
Oregon	20	80	30	50
Pennsylvania	20	80	7	73
Rhode Island	10	90	17	73
South Carolina	35	65	26	39
South Dakota	17	83	23	60
Tennessee	36	64	8	56
Texas	42	58	16	42
Utah	27	73	14	58
Vermont	14	86	12	74
Virginia	26	74	21	54
Washington	20	80	20	61
West Virginia	11	89	22	67
Wisconsin	16	84	11	73
Wyoming	14	86	14	73
Other jurisdictions
District of Columbia	34	66	7	59
DoDEA¹	13	87	26	60
# Rounds to zero. ¹ Department of Defense Education Activity (overseas and domestic schools). NOTE: In NAEP, students who have an IEP or a 504 plan are classified as SD. The national results include both public and nonpublic school students. The national (public) and state/jurisdiction results include public school students only. Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, Institute of Education Sciences, National Center for Education Statistics, National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP), 2009 Mathematics Assessment.

State/jurisdiction	Excluded	Assessed	Assessed without accommodations	Assessed with accommodations
	Percentage of identified ELL students
Nation	8	92	58	34
Nation (public)	8	92	58	34
Alabama	17	83	67	15
Alaska	6	94	41	53
Arizona	9	91	39	52
Arkansas	3	97	32	65
California	4	96	81	15
Colorado	6	94	44	51
Connecticut	11	89	24	66
Delaware	24	76	12	64
Florida	9	91	5	86
Georgia	9	91	19	73
Hawaii	15	85	43	42
Idaho	2	98	60	38
Illinois	19	81	27	54
Indiana	10	90	42	49
Iowa	15	85	38	47
Kansas	5	95	57	38
Kentucky	36	64	21	44
Louisiana	3	97	41	56
Maine	10	90	46	44
Maryland	16	84	7	77
Massachusetts	25	75	34	42
Michigan	7	93	54	39
Minnesota	10	90	59	31
Mississippi	16	84	50	34
Missouri	28	72	35	37
Montana	4	96	53	43
Nebraska	8	92	52	40
Nevada	6	94	47	47
New Hampshire	15	85	51	34
New Jersey	13	87	8	79
New Mexico	6	94	43	51
New York	14	86	6	80
North Carolina	8	92	32	60
North Dakota	36	64	38	26
Ohio	43	57	22	34
Oklahoma	9	91	60	31
Oregon	6	94	58	36
Pennsylvania	17	83	44	40
Rhode Island	21	79	22	58
South Carolina	5	95	49	47
South Dakota	11	89	61	28
Tennessee	37	63	11	52
Texas	11	89	68	21
Utah	5	95	59	36
Vermont	8	92	41	50
Virginia	12	88	39	49
Washington	12	88	40	48
West Virginia	7	93	66	27
Wisconsin	15	85	27	58
Wyoming	#	100	34	66
Other jurisdictions
District of Columbia	27	73	28	45
DoDEA¹	16	84	46	38
# Rounds to zero. ¹ Department of Defense Education Activity (overseas and domestic schools). NOTE: The national results include both public and nonpublic school students. The national (public) and state/jurisdiction results include public school students only. Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, Institute of Education Sciences, National Center for Education Statistics, National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP), 2009 Mathematics Assessment.