Average scale scores and percentages for age 13 long-term trend reading, by read for fun on your own time, race/ethnicity, 4 categories and jurisdiction: 2012, 2008, 2004, 1999, 1996, 1994, 1992, 1990, 1988, and 1984
Race/ethnicity (4 categories)YearJurisdictionAlmost every dayOnce or twice a weekOnce or twice a monthA few times a yearNever or hardly ever
Average scale scoreStandard ErrorPercentageStandard ErrorAverage scale scoreStandard ErrorPercentageStandard ErrorAverage scale scoreStandard ErrorPercentageStandard ErrorAverage scale scoreStandard ErrorPercentageStandard ErrorAverage scale scoreStandard ErrorPercentageStandard Error
† Not applicable.
‡ Reporting standards not met.
NOTE: Black includes African American, and Hispanic includes Latino. Race categories exclude Hispanic origin. The NAEP Long-Term Trend Reading scale ranges from 0 to 500. Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. Some apparent differences between estimates may not be statistically significant. Analyze results with NAEP Data Explorer.
SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, Institute of Education Sciences, National Center for Education Statistics, National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP), 1984, 1988, 1990, 1992, 1994, 1996, 1999, 2004, 2008, and 2012 Long-Term Trend Reading Assessments.
White2012National281(1.5)30(0.9)274(1.4)24(0.8)270(2.8)14(0.7)268(2.0)10(0.5)254(1.9)22(1.0)
White 2008National282(1.6)28(1.0)273(1.7)23(0.8)270(1.6)12(0.5)263(1.8)11(0.5)252(1.2)25(1.0)
White 2004¹National278(4.3)31(2.5)271(2.9)34(2.6)264(5.1)16(1.5)(†)7(1.3)(†)12(1.5)
White 1999¹National279(4.0)29(2.3)271(3.8)34(2.1)265(3.9)18(2.3)(†)9(1.2)(†)10(1.8)
White 1996¹National279(3.5)32(2.6)265(3.7)29(2.1)262(4.7)16(1.7)(†)10(1.5)(†)13(1.6)
White 1994¹National277(2.9)37(2.2)267(2.6)30(2.4)(†)12(1.6)(†)10(1.6)(†)11(1.7)
White 1992¹National279(2.4)36(2.5)264(3.3)33(2.3)260(4.5)13(1.6)(†)8(1.3)(†)10(1.7)
White 1990¹National274(3.1)38(2.0)262(4.2)29(1.8)258(4.5)13(1.5)(†)9(1.4)250(5.1)12(1.5)
White 1988¹National269(3.2)37(2.8)266(3.9)30(2.0)261(3.5)15(2.2)(†)8(1.5)(†)10(1.2)
White 1984¹National270(1.4)35(1.1)261(1.8)33(1.1)259(2.2)15(0.9)254(4.0)8(0.5)241(2.8)9(0.6)
Black2012National252(2.5)23(1.2)251(2.6)28(1.5)253(2.2)14(1.0)247(2.4)14(1.1)240(2.3)22(1.4)
Black 2008National256(2.4)23(1.3)252(2.2)30(1.8)248(2.6)14(1.1)244(2.7)12(0.9)240(3.4)20(1.2)
Black 2004¹National(†)26(3.6)(†)38(4.5)(†)10(3.0)(†)13(3.0)(†)13(2.7)
Black 1999¹National(†)33(5.1)(†)34(5.3)(†)9(2.9)(†)17(2.3)(†)6(2.0)
Black 1996¹National(†)31(5.7)(†)38(4.8)(†)17(5.4)(†)5(3.5)(†)9(3.4)
Black 1994¹National(†)17(4.5)(†)46(5.5)(†)19(4.8)(†)7(2.6)(†)11(5.1)
Black 1992¹National(†)36(6.9)(†)38(6.4)(†)9(3.2)(†)11(4.3)(†)6(2.8)
Black 1990¹National(†)31(4.5)(†)40(5.6)(†)15(3.5)(†)7(3.1)(†)7(4.3)
Black 1988¹National(†)37(4.3)(†)30(4.6)(†)17(2.8)(†)8(2.5)(†)7(3.2)
Black 1984¹National237(3.5)34(2.9)234(3.2)44(3.6)(†)11(1.9)(†)5(0.9)(†)6(1.3)
Hispanic2012National263(2.6)18(0.9)252(2.3)28(1.2)252(2.7)15(0.9)247(2.2)15(1.3)242(1.6)24(1.1)
Hispanic 2008National253(2.7)19(0.8)251(1.9)27(1.2)246(3.3)13(1.1)237(2.4)15(0.9)234(1.9)26(1.4)
Hispanic 2004¹National(†)26(5.2)(†)31(3.7)(†)17(3.4)(†)11(2.4)(†)14(3.4)
Hispanic 1999¹National(†)19(5.2)(†)48(4.9)(†)16(5.2)(†)11(3.8)(†)6(2.4)
Hispanic 1996¹National(†)29(6.2)(†)32(6.7)(†)7(3.0)(†)8(5.2)(†)22(4.7)
Hispanic 1994¹National(†)18(3.7)(†)37(5.5)(†)15(3.0)(†)9(3.1)(†)21(4.5)
Hispanic 1992¹National(†)(†)(†)(†)(†)(†)(†)(†)(†)(†)
Hispanic 1990¹National(†)21(5.2)(†)43(6.8)(†)15(5.4)(†)10(5.0)(†)12(3.1)
Hispanic 1988¹National(†)(†)(†)(†)(†)(†)(†)(†)(†)(†)
Hispanic 1984¹National244(4.2)32(2.6)240(3.6)36(3.6)(†)14(2.6)(†)5(2.0)(†)13(2.9)
Other2012National292(3.9)36(2.5)288(5.4)29(1.9)271(3.9)13(1.8)265(6.0)9(1.1)261(4.0)14(1.6)
Other 2008National286(3.7)31(2.6)273(4.3)26(2.1)263(4.1)12(1.6)258(5.1)13(1.2)257(4.2)18(1.8)
Other 2004¹National(†)(†)(†)(†)(†)(†)(†)(†)(†)(†)
Other 1999¹National(†)(†)(†)(†)(†)(†)(†)(†)(†)(†)
Other 1996¹National(†)(†)(†)(†)(†)(†)(†)(†)(†)(†)
Other 1994¹National(†)(†)(†)(†)(†)(†)(†)(†)(†)(†)
Other 1992¹National(†)(†)(†)(†)(†)(†)(†)(†)(†)(†)
Other 1990¹National(†)(†)(†)(†)(†)(†)(†)(†)(†)(†)
Other 1988¹National(†)(†)(†)(†)(†)(†)(†)(†)(†)(†)
Other 1984¹National(†)38(7.4)(†)29(4.4)(†)22(5.2)(†)6(3.4)(†)5(2.5)