Average scale scores and percentages for age 9 long-term trend reading, by read for fun on your own time, race/ethnicity, 4 categories and jurisdiction: 2012, 2008, 2004, 1999, 1996, 1994, 1992, 1990, 1988, and 1984
Race/ethnicity (4 categories)YearJurisdictionAlmost every dayOnce or twice a weekOnce or twice a monthA few times a yearNever or hardly ever
Average scale scoreStandard ErrorPercentageStandard ErrorAverage scale scoreStandard ErrorPercentageStandard ErrorAverage scale scoreStandard ErrorPercentageStandard ErrorAverage scale scoreStandard ErrorPercentageStandard ErrorAverage scale scoreStandard ErrorPercentageStandard Error
† Not applicable.
# Rounds to zero.
‡ Reporting standards not met.
NOTE: Black includes African American, and Hispanic includes Latino. Race categories exclude Hispanic origin. The NAEP Long-Term Trend Reading scale ranges from 0 to 500. Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. Some apparent differences between estimates may not be statistically significant. Analyze results with NAEP Data Explorer.
SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, Institute of Education Sciences, National Center for Education Statistics, National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP), 1984, 1988, 1990, 1992, 1994, 1996, 1999, 2004, 2008, and 2012 Long-Term Trend Reading Assessments.
White2012National233(0.9)53(1.0)233(1.2)23(0.8)228(2.5)7(0.5)221(2.6)6(0.5)216(2.7)11(0.7)
White 2008National234(1.1)48(0.9)230(1.4)23(0.7)228(1.9)8(0.5)220(2.4)6(0.5)215(1.6)14(0.7)
White 2004¹National230(1.8)53(2.1)230(2.7)27(1.5)(†)6(0.7)(†)5(0.8)211(4.9)9(0.9)
White 1999¹National225(3.2)52(1.7)224(2.5)27(1.6)(†)7(0.9)(†)4(0.7)204(4.3)10(1.0)
White 1996¹National219(2.4)54(2.4)219(2.5)25(2.2)216(5.0)9(1.3)(†)3(0.6)204(4.5)9(1.0)
White 1994¹National221(2.2)57(1.8)219(2.8)27(1.8)(†)6(0.7)(†)3(0.6)197(4.2)8(1.0)
White 1992¹National222(1.9)57(1.4)220(2.3)28(1.4)210(5.4)5(0.6)(†)3(0.5)197(4.3)6(0.8)
White 1990¹National224(2.1)54(1.8)218(3.8)25(1.7)218(6.2)6(0.8)(†)3(0.6)196(4.1)11(0.9)
White 1988¹National220(2.3)54(2.4)215(2.8)27(1.7)(†)6(0.9)(†)3(0.7)202(3.3)10(1.0)
White 1984¹National222(1.2)53(1.1)217(1.8)28(0.8)214(3.8)7(0.7)201(5.0)3(0.4)200(3.7)9(0.6)
Black2012National210(2.3)47(1.6)214(2.7)22(1.0)203(4.0)8(0.9)203(3.7)8(0.7)199(3.0)15(1.1)
Black 2008National206(2.5)43(1.7)213(3.4)24(1.8)204(4.9)8(0.9)201(4.3)9(1.1)198(1.9)16(1.0)
Black 2004¹National199(3.5)51(3.0)(†)25(2.6)(†)7(1.7)(†)6(1.6)(†)11(1.9)
Black 1999¹National189(3.9)57(4.3)187(7.7)22(3.6)(†)4(1.0)(†)5(1.4)(†)12(2.3)
Black 1996¹National194(5.7)53(3.8)193(4.8)30(3.4)(†)4(1.1)(†)3(1.2)(†)10(1.4)
Black 1994¹National189(5.5)59(3.6)(†)22(3.2)(†)4(1.1)(†)4(1.6)(†)11(2.6)
Black 1992¹National189(3.5)55(3.3)186(6.7)27(3.2)(†)6(1.4)(†)3(1.2)(†)10(2.1)
Black 1990¹National183(6.6)54(4.9)(†)26(4.5)(†)3(0.9)(†)6(2.2)(†)11(1.9)
Black 1988¹National185(5.4)58(4.0)(†)21(2.3)(†)11(2.6)(†)4(1.2)(†)7(1.2)
Black 1984¹National187(2.8)55(2.4)190(4.5)23(1.7)(†)7(1.3)(†)5(1.0)(†)10(1.3)
Hispanic2012National211(1.6)52(1.4)214(2.1)23(1.3)205(5.6)6(0.7)200(3.2)8(0.6)198(3.0)11(0.6)
Hispanic 2008National207(2.1)46(1.7)216(2.5)23(1.1)210(3.9)7(0.8)202(3.9)9(0.6)209(2.4)15(1.2)
Hispanic 2004¹National204(3.5)57(3.5)215(4.8)26(2.9)(†)7(1.3)(†)6(1.8)(†)5(1.5)
Hispanic 1999¹National196(5.5)56(2.4)(†)21(3.5)(†)6(1.9)(†)5(1.6)(†)11(2.1)
Hispanic 1996¹National198(7.7)52(4.7)(†)26(5.6)(†)12(3.2)(†)6(2.4)(†)3(1.4)
Hispanic 1994¹National196(5.0)59(6.2)(†)20(3.2)(†)4(1.5)(†)6(2.7)(†)11(3.1)
Hispanic 1992¹National191(5.8)51(4.0)(†)25(4.5)(†)7(2.8)(†)7(2.5)(†)9(2.3)
Hispanic 1990¹National186(6.3)51(4.2)(†)26(3.0)(†)5(1.5)(†)4(1.1)(†)15(3.9)
Hispanic 1988¹National196(5.5)47(3.3)(†)25(3.5)(†)11(3.9)(†)6(2.2)(†)11(3.9)
Hispanic 1984¹National191(4.8)51(5.4)186(8.1)30(5.0)(†)7(2.5)(†)3(0.8)(†)9(2.0)
Other2012National239(3.5)58(2.4)231(3.4)21(1.6)(†)8(1.0)(†)6(0.9)(†)7(1.3)
Other 2008National238(3.2)55(2.2)228(2.7)22(1.6)(†)6(0.8)(†)9(1.2)(†)9(1.1)
Other 2004¹National232(4.5)58(4.9)(†)23(6.3)(†)10(3.2)(†)5(1.8)(†)5(2.3)
Other 1999¹National(†)72(6.4)(†)20(4.6)(†)#(0.0)(†)6(3.3)(†)2(1.5)
Other 1996¹National(†)52(8.4)(†)40(7.8)(†)5(2.7)(†)#(0.0)(†)3(2.1)
Other 1994¹National(†)(†)(†)(†)(†)(†)(†)(†)(†)(†)
Other 1992¹National(†)46(6.3)(†)37(5.4)(†)8(2.5)(†)5(3.0)(†)3(2.0)
Other 1990¹National(†)52(10.9)(†)25(5.2)(†)5(3.9)(†)4(1.9)(†)13(4.7)
Other 1988¹National(†)(†)(†)(†)(†)(†)(†)(†)(†)(†)
Other 1984¹National(†)43(7.7)(†)33(4.6)(†)9(4.0)(†)4(1.9)(†)10(3.5)